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Methods
of Integration
If you cannot simply integrate using the basic formulas above, try one of the
following methods:
- Integration by
substitution: a method by which some variable is substituted for
part of the function f(x) (generally some complicated function within
the larger function) in order to make integration simpler.
- Integration using
long division: If the
integral involves a quotient in which the degree of the numerator is
greater than or equal to the degree of the denominator, divide the numerator
by the denominator.
- Integration by
parts: a method of integrating two functions multiplied together
(the opposite of the product rule for derivatives), following the
formula:
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